Dec. 19,
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Today, both condensers and coolers are very important heat exchange components in commercial or industrial refrigeration equipment and are widely used in many applications. Many customers are curious about the difference between a condenser and a cooler.
There are four differences between the condenser and the cooler in the design. The first is whether there is a phase change, the second is the difference in heat transfer coefficient, and the third is the series heat exchanger. Fourthly whether there is a liquid level control port. Today the chiller supplier will talk about this aspect.
The condenser will condense the gas phase and transform it into a liquid phase. The cooling water of the cooler only cools, there is no phase change, just a pure temperature change; in addition, the cooling medium they use is also different. The purpose is also different. The cooler is used to cool the material without phase change. The condenser is used to cool and condense the gas phase with phase change.
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Generally speaking, since the heat transfer film coefficient of the condensation process is much greater than that of the cooling process without phase change, the total heat transfer coefficient of the condenser is generally much larger than that of the simple cooling process, sometimes by an order of magnitude. Condensers are generally used to cool gas into the liquid. Condensers generally have a very hot shell. The concept of coolers is relatively broad. It mainly refers to a kind of heat exchange that converts the hot-cold medium to room temperature or a lower temperature.
In addition, when two heat exchangers are connected in series, under the same mass flow rate, since the latent heat is much higher than the sensible heat, and the heat exchanger type is the same, the larger heat exchange area is the condenser, that is The larger one should be the condenser.
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Intercoolers have level gauges and level control ports, whereas condensers do not. For the intercooler, the gas inlet and outlet are located at the top of the vessel and the tube diameters are basically the same size.
However, the outlet of the condenser is located at the bottom of the vessel, and its outlet pipe diameter differs greatly from the pipe diameter. The ammonia inlet and outlet of the intercooler are located at the bottom of the vessel, while the condenser is not. The inlet and outlet of the vertical condenser are located at the top and bottom, while the horizontal condenser is located at one end of the vessel.
In short, if a phase change occurs internally, the condenser is a condenser, otherwise it is a cooler. The gas enters the condenser from the top of the shell, creating a condensing surface area, and the gas also collects at the top, so baffles are placed left and right to extend the residence time of the condensate and to cool it continuously.
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For coolers, baffles will be installed at the top and bottom after the raw material has been delivered to the interior to allow the coolant to fill the entire cooler and make full use of the heat exchanger area. More commercial cooling equipment, high-efficiency air-cooled chiller, best water cooled chiller, and more here! Welcome to contact us today or request a quote.
This technical bulletin will summarize the design differences between the condenser and the fluid cooler and compare their design and energy efficiency.
When the application installation requires a very large distance between the unit and the condenser, it becomes challenging to design and execute a proper refrigeration line set for proper pressure drop and oil return. When this is the case, a fluid cooler would be considered as an alternative method of rejecting the heat. Lately a design fad has been to use a fluid cooler even for short line set designs. The main reason provided is to reduce the refrigerant charge.
For most DX refrigeration-based dehumidification systems the traditional method to provide air conditioning to the space was to add an outdoor air-cooled condenser and reject the absorbed heat to the outdoors via the refrigerant.
A dehumidifier reheats the air when there is a call for dehumidification but not a call for cooling. The typical system uses a hot gas reheat coil that captures all of the energy (sensible, latent and heat of compression) and returns it to the space. The example system below also has a three-way diverting valve to send the hot gas to the remote condenser.
This system uses a single heat exchange method to transfer the refrigerant's energy to the air (via the hot gas reheat or remote condenser coil). With the large temperature differential, these two coils can be easily sized to maintain the system's condensing temperature constant in all modes. The lift (difference between condensing and suction temperatures) is a key element in determining the power consumption of the compressor.
The heat exchangers that utilize refrigerant directly are very effective at keeping condensing temperature low as possible since the temperature of the refrigerant throughout the coil is substantially the same. This is because the majority of the coil is used for two-phase heat exchange. This means that the refrigerant inside of the coil is releasing its energy by condensing rather than strictly dropping temperature. Keeping all the surfaces at a higher temperature means that the full surface of the coil is effectively used and even a small exchanger can cool effectively. The heat exchanger can easily be designed for a close approach temperature (the difference between the leaving air temperature and the refrigerant condensing temperature). This minimizes the condensing temperature and reduces the lift. The system moves the refrigerant directly through the compressor. A minimum number of moving parts are needed since the compressor creates the pressure differences required for the heat transfer and also the flow of the refrigerant to move the energy from one place to another.
A dehumidifier that utilizes a water loop for the heat rejection must first reject the total heat of rejection to a water condenser. A fluid pump circulates the water through the condenser and transfers the heat to the air via a hot water coil (for reheating the air) or a fluid cooler for rejection to the outdoors. This process requires two heat transfer processes versus the outdoor air cooled condenser method described above.
Relative to the direct exchange of the air-side refrigerant condenser coils, a system with a fluid-cooler glycol loop has the following disadvantages:
AHRI Standard 910 defines Moisture Removal Efficiency (MRE) as the pounds per hour of condensate removed by the dehumidifier divided by the total kilowatts of energy needed to run the system. The power to run the system includes the compressor, blower/motor, transformers and pumps.
When comparing a basic refrigerant based system to one utilizing a fluid condenser, there are several additional power consuming elements to be considered:
Although a fluid cooler loop can help to address issues with difficult installations where refrigeration line length or large liquid line risers are unavoidable, extreme care must be taken in selecting a fluid cooler system. A reduction in refrigerant charge may be possible, but this could come at the expense of increased energy consumption and/or reduced system capacity.
A fluid cooler system's additional approach temperature of 6°F to 10°F generally increases lift by the same amount and this roughly translates to 12% to 20% efficiency decrease when compared to the conventional refrigeration condenser systems. Additional components such as higher horsepower blowers and fans plus a recirculating pump will increase the efficiency losses even more.
A fluid cooler system would significantly increase the operational costs of an indoor pool dehumidification system which runs 24 hours per day, 365 days per year.
Using a refrigerant to air exchanger provides the most effective method for optimizing the compressor power consumption and thus the unit's efficiency and should be considered first.
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