Briquetting Machine Review
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About biomass briquettes
Making briquettes from biomass is a high efficient way to save your energy bill as well as to dispose of biomass waste. As a kind of renewable energy, the biomass briquettes, such as wood briquettes, saw dust briquettes or charcoal briquettes, made by briquetting machine, is widely used both in industry and civil scale for heating as a substitute of conventional fossil fuel - coal in particular. Biomass briquettes can be made from wood, sawdust, crop straw, grass, civil waste and animal waste.
A briquette is manufactured by briquetting machine, also known as briquette maker or briquette press But how does a biomass briquetting machines work? Take making wood briquettes for example, under circumstance of high pressure and temperature, the lignin, which is a kind of polymer in the wood, originally working as a support of wood cell wall, will turn to a sort of plastic matter that stick the briquettes together. That is also why any glue, or binder namely is not necessary in briquetting process, and it is also the reason why the outside of a wood briquette is smooth and shinning.
Benefits of briquettes?
The briquettes, known as a compact heating fuel, has several advantages over the traditional fossil fuel:
Better burning efficiency. Heat value is highly concentrated in briquettes because of its compactness so that more thermal heat can be produced compared with other fuel with the same size. From our years experience as well as feedbacks of the customers, the biomass briquettes, especially wood briquettes are 40% higher in term of burning efficiency.
Tiny size. In GEMCO, we are proud of reducing size of the biomass feedstock up to 90%. This results in high bulk density. Unlike raw biomass material whose density is about 60-180kg/m³, the briquettes have a much higher density of around kg/m³.
Smoke and ash free. One of the reason why you can burn biomass briquettes or wood briquettes in fireplace or stove at home is that they produce no smoke or very subtle ash based on what specific material used for making briquettes. As manufacture technology and relevant fuel energy standardization revamp, to burning biomass fuel: pellets, briquettes and suchlike is getting more and more clean and environmental friendly.
Easy get easy keep. Chances are when you own a saw mill, a furniture factory or a farm, you might have been in trouble dealing with those biomass by-products. One of the easiest way to solve your problem is making them into biomass briquettes. No matter what shapes of briquettes you get: square, hexagon, round, etc. they are always convenient to pack and transport.
Briquettes have more merits other than the above said, they are cheap, easy to delivery, recyclable, and so forth.
How to choose briquetting machine?
Given that briquetting industry is an overwhelming trend that will continue being hot and will contribute more and more portion in renewable energy marketing, different designs of briquetting machines are rolled out. By and large, two essential kind of briquette press can be observed in the market: stamping type briquette press, screw press briquetting machine, and hydraulic briquetting machine, each type has its unique power driven pattern. What interesting is that In Chinese market, especially an integrated machinery that can both make briquettes and pellets is eye catching. Scientifically speaking, by looking at its working theory, this dual function machine is just a improved type of stamping briquette press.
From the view of feedstock that a briquette machine is processing, there are charcoal briquettes maker, wood briquettes maker, paper briquettes maker, even metal briquettes maker.
Below a presentation of comparison among 3 types of biomass briquetting machine that are mainstream on the market:
Briquetting machine review
hydraulic briquetting machine
stamping type briquetting machine screw press briquetting machineRaw material size /mm
3 - 20 mm
3 - 20 mm
3-5mm
Raw material moister required
6% - 18%
10% - 20%
8% - 12%
Product profile
Φ=70mm
Φ=70mm
Pellet: 8mm,10mm,22mm,30mm
Φ=40mm, 50mm, 60mm, 70mm
Product density/ g/cm3
0.8 - 1.2
0.9 - 1.3
1 1.3
Capacity/ kg/h
125
800 -
180 -
Energy consumption/ kW/t
40 - 60
40 - 50
70-80
Mould lifetime
h - h, cooling not required to mould
h - h, cooling required to mould
-
PLC
yes
Yes, and vibration resistance
N/A
Link to Tiantai
noise
Lower than 70db
Higher than 85db
Around 80db
Working environment
Dust free
Dust free
With smoke and ash
Users
High requirement with automatic control and working environment, complicated raw material component
High requirement with capacity (1 - 5 t/h)
Typically the briquettes will be further processed to charcoal briquettes
Looking into the figures in the table, you will find that all 3 types of briquetting machines are eligible for making quality briquettes. The difference lies in users requirement. Which one will you choose?
There are several types of briquette machines with different working principles, they work on different pressures and are suitable for different materials. So how they work differently? What are their advantages and disadvantages? Lets follow this article.
What is a briquette machine
A briquette machine is used to turn the waste fine/powder into a regular shape block, which can help to improve the physical or chemical conditions for those powder, make it easy for transportation, storage, reduce the generated dust and be more useful for further applications.
The briquette system is able to deal with all kinds of materials under suitable sizes and moisture.
Briquetting work always takes place with the binder as the raw particles need the binding effect to get enough strength when they are turned to briquette, whatever its internal or extra additives. Biomass and industrial waste are sometimes different from each other when briquetting due to the binder source they are using.
Types of briquette machines and how they work
Screw type
The screw type briquette machine uses the auger to press the raw material, with different materials, it can be equipped with or without the heating system.
The heating system is a special design for those briquetters deal with materials containing lignin or any material that significantly improve plasticity under high temperature. Lignin is a material alway can be found on biomass but needs high temperature to improve its performance. So the heating system is usually used for biomass briquetting. Other materials like coal, charcoal, etc. binders are always needed when briquetting with this type of machine due to their poor plasticity.
When making briquette from a screw briquetter, the suitable material will be first fed to the hopper and then conveyed by the screw inside the briquette machine. With the rotating screw takes the material from the feed port, and compacts it against a die which assists the build-up of a pressure gradient along the screw.
Finished briquette output from the end like a stick. Normal cross-section shapes we usually find can be square, round, plum blossom, etc.
As the screw briquette machine works with a pressure not that high, binders are always needed forming the briquette. Equip with a heating system will help the biomass material melt the internal lignin and turn it into a high-performance binder. Besides, other materials also work with this briquetter like coal, charcoal, etc. These materials should be well mixed with the binder to get the briquette forms.
different screwsdifferent screws
Examples:
Hydraulic type
The hydraulic type works with a hydraulic pump station which supplies a very big pressure. Because of its high pressure, almost all the materials can be briquette with this system.
Metal, as a raw material that reflects plasticity under high pressure, is specially suitable to be briquette by the hydraulic type briquette machine.
The briquette working process is in a chamber where materials are fed into, these materials are briquetting under very high pressure. It causes their plasticity and makes them binding stably together as a block.
Hydraulic type takes a long pressure keeping time on the briquette compare to other types, it causes more elastic deformation be transformed into plastic deformation. Elastic deformation is an unstable deformation. After the pressure is relaxed, the density of the briquette gradually decreases due to its existence. Transforming the deformation can improve the quality of the briquette to a certain extent. On the other hand, the longer heat generated by briquetting keeps the bonding of the lignin more stable. That makes the briquetting performance better and as well as the quality of briquette.
Examples:
Piston type
The piston type uses the rotary power of the mechanical device or the thrust of the hydraulic cylinder to reciprocate the piston (or the plunger), and the piston (or plunger) drives the ram to reciprocate in the forming sleeve to generate a pressing force to form the material to briquette.
A big pressure will be generated as the movement of the flywheel and punch the briquette time after time in a short time, it raises the temperature of the raw material. As the raw material moves, it fractionates with the inside, another kind of heat friction heat generates. With the action of these two kinds of heat, material raises its own temperature to a high level and melt the lignin. Particle materials then bind together and become strong enough.
The honeycomb briquette machine is a simple type of piston briquette machine, it uses the wheel as well but briquette only punched once to form.
Examples:
Roller Type
Roller press works with two close rotating rollers at the same speed but with opposite direction. The two rollers, with the same width and diameter, have holes on the surface. When they move, the same two holes on the different roller will coincide at the intersection of the midline and the briquette will be pressed there.
With different pressure requirement, roller press can be designed into several types.
A normal roller press will use a wedge iron or a spring to fix the movable roller as it works on a low pressure. The hydraulic pump station also can be used to fix the roller and supply a much bigger but flexible support to the roller to work stable under high pressures.
Examples:
With the consideration of investment and facility requirement, choosing the right type will help to make the briquette business much efficient and make briquette with high quality.
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