You could need a drilling rig for a multitude of applications, for example to drill a well to access a natural resource (water, oil, geothermal energy, etc.), to build foundations, to make blasting holes in a mine, to take samples from the ground, etc.
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It is necessary to determine what the drilling rig will be used for, as well as what kind of terrain it will mainly be operating on. Depending on the terrain, you can choose between different types of drilling rigs: rotary drilling rigs, percussion drilling rigs, down-the-hole drilling rigs, top hammer drilling rigs (with high hammer), etc.
In order to make the best choice, it is important to determine whether the drilling rig will be used for your core business or for occasional operations, and in particular whether you want to take advantage of the latest innovations or whether a machine that has proven its worth over several decades might be suitable for you.
Safety, reliability and ease of use are also important elements to consider and are directly linked to each other. A machine that's reliable and easy to operate, when used according to the manufacturer's recommendations, increases user safety.
It is also important to define the type of mobility you will need. There are autonomous crawler drilling rigs and truck-mounted or trailer-mounted drilling rigs that need to be powered by a generator or the truck that carries them.
Once you have determined the type of machine you need, you can calculate the size required according to the diameter and depth of the borehole.
Drilling type Soil type Comments Rotary drilling Soft rock Significant depths up to 5,000 metersRotary drilling: This type of drilling digs a hole by grinding the rock with a tool under the effect of weight and rotation. It is mainly used in oil production. The cuttings are brought to the surface under the pressure of a drilling fluid that is injected into the drill string. Drilling fluid also helps consolidate the walls of the borehole, so it is not necessary to case it as the operation progresses.
Down-the-hole drilling (rotary percussion drilling or rotary hammer drilling): this type of drilling uses drilling rigs that drill with a rotary cutter (drill head) and hammer the bottom of the hole with a pneumatic hammer. The excavated material rises to the surface under the pressure of the compressed air used for the hammer. These drilling rigs are powerful and have high drilling rates, especially in rock. For artesian wells (wells where water naturally rises to the surface under groundwater pressure) or geothermal drilling, an air injection at the end of the drill pipe pushes the water up the borehole, allowing the operator to immediately determine the water flow encountered. This type of drilling is used for hard and cracked ground up to 4,000 meters deep. When the drilling bit is eccentric, the drilling can be done with a casing advancement system (installation of tubes by gravity) which reinforces the hole as the drilling progresses.
Top hammer drilling: this type of drilling uses drilling rigs that also operate on a percussion system, but one that remains outside the borehole. They are mainly used for small diameter drilling, for example for mineral exploration or the installation of tie rods in rock. This system is used for shallow boreholes, as there can be significant deviation due to the structure of the ground drilled through. These drilling rigs can operate in any direction however.
Auger boring: This is a type of rotary drilling using a worm screw (the auger). This type of drilling is mainly used for unconsolidated clay or sand terrain. The excavated material is directly brought to the surface by the worm screw. For deep drilling, it may be necessary to regularly raise the auger to empty it of its excavated material.
Core drilling: Core drilling is similar to rotary drilling, but it uses a crown to extract a sample, called a core, inside the tool.
Percussion drilling: consists in breaking the rock by dropping a tool, the drill bit, by gravity. This type of drilling can only be used vertically. To prevent the borehole from collapsing, it is necessary to case it as it is drilled. The cuttings are reassembled as soon as they interfere with drilling by replacing the drill bit with a flap valve bailer. The flap valve bailer is a type of tube equipped with a tilting flap in the lower part. This tilting flap allows the tube to be filled with excavated material which is then transported to the surface.
Pipe jacking: is mainly used to install horizontal pipes. The tube is pushed progressively by percussion, the excavated material being removed at the end of the drilling operation either by water injection or with an auger. This technique is used in particular to avoid transmitting vibrations to the surrounding buildings or to avoid digging a trench.
If you are looking for more details, kindly visit Crawler Mounted Drilling Rigs.
Crawler mounted hydraulic dth drilling rig refers to a fully hydraulic rock drilling and drilling machine with a crawler traveling mechanism. The crawler hydraulic drilling rig is composed of a power unit and a hydraulic system, a crawler traveling mechanism, a drill frame equipped with a hydraulic rock drill and a propeller, a support arm, and a drill rod unloading device.
The crawler hydraulic drilling rig refers to a full hydraulic rock drilling and drilling machine with a crawler traveling mechanism.
The crawler hydraulic drilling rig is composed of a power unit and a hydraulic system, a crawler traveling mechanism, a drill frame equipped with a hydraulic rock drill and a propeller, a support arm, and a drill rod unloading device. The drilling hole diameter is 35 ~ 125mm, and the drilling depth can reach 30m, which is suitable for large-scale stone excavation and drilling operations. Except for high-pressure air or water used for drilling and drilling, all other operations are hydraulic.
Crawler Mounted Hydraulic DTH Drilling Rig
Compared with the pneumatic monk rock drill (air drill), the crawler hydraulic drill has the advantages of low power consumption, high rock drilling speed, low noise, and improved working conditions.
Hydraulic crawler drills are the stereotyped products of hydraulic rock drills, which are characterized by:
(1) The rig can swing, telescope, and swivel, has mobility to adapt to the operating environment, and can shorten the preparation time for the operation.
(2) The front end of the working cylinder is equipped with a two-way hydraulic locking device to ensure safety and stability.
(3) The tracked walking mechanism adopts a separate pressurized driving device, and is equipped with a hydraulic jack support device, which can turn in place and can adapt to uneven ground operations.
(5) Equipped with drill pipe unloading device, equipped with 5 ~ 7 drill pipes, which can be used to quickly complete the operations of connecting, disassembling, centering, entering and exiting the drill pipe, etc., which saves time and reduces physical labor.
Pneumatic drilling rig for mining: High-efficiency drilling rig with simple operation in coal mine. Crawler-type pneumatic drilling rig is a compressed air powered drilling rig for walking and drilling. Although it sounds complicated, it is simple to operate. One row of operating tables, 6 operating levers, forward and backward, turn, adjust the angle of the drilling position, and drill out Get it all.
The drilling operation and walking of the crawler pneumatic drill are controlled by an independent console. For drilling operations, first stabilize the rig and turn the start-stop button of the rig console to the stop position, and then pull the rear-end ball valve on the pumping station to get the rig's pneumatic console. There are two reversing valves on the console to control the rotation and advancement of the rig, and a ball valve to control the amount of water in the drilling process. The right control valve controls the rotation of the rig. It pushes the host forward and pulls backward to reverse. The middle position stops. The left control valve controls the forward and backward movement of the gyrator, pushes the gyrator forward, pulls the gyrator backward, and stops in the middle position.
This type of coal mine underground crawler-type pneumatic drilling rig can be used in connection with high-pressure air outlets, no motor, no electricity, no explosion danger, high safety. Pneumatic crawler drilling rigs can be operated across belts and scrapers, and are suitable for drilling underground holes such as water holes, gas holes, pressure relief and punching.
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