In the winter, a heat pump provides heating by extracting heat from outside a building and moving it inside. In the summer, it can provide cooling by moving heat from indoors to the outside.
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Find out about the different types of heat pumps, how they work and why they could help to tackle climate change.
A heat pump uses the same technology as an air conditioner, which cools your home using a refrigerant. The only major difference between an air-conditioner and a heat pump is that a heat pump has a reversing valve, which allows it to also heat your home.
In heating mode, a heat pump works like an air conditioner in reverse; instead of keeping your home cool, it uses the refrigerant to warm your home.
Here’s a step-by-step process of how heat pumps work:
Heat could be sourced from the air outside or warmth from the ground. This is blown or pumped over the heat exchange surface of the exterior part of the heat pump.
This heat is warm enough to cause the refrigerant liquid in the heat pump to evaporate and turn into a gas.
This gas is then moved through a compressor, which increases the pressure, causing its temperature to rise.
The gas (now heated) is passed over the internal heat exchange surface. This heat can then be either blown around the home's interior or transferred into a central heating or hot water system.
As the heat is transferred into the home, the gas falls in temperature, causing it to return to a liquid state.
The cycle of reverse refrigeration repeats until your home reaches the required temperature setting on your thermostat.
Even when it’s very cold outside, some heat energy still exists. Heat pumps are effective at taking this heat energy from the ground or air around a building and using it to provide heat for your home or business.
For heat pumps to work at their best, it’s also important that the building has good energy efficiency installed, such as effective insulation.
There are different types of heat pumps: air-source and ground-source.
Heat pumps can also be paired with fossil fuel gas furnaces; these systems are often referred to as hybrid heat pumps.
Air-to-water heat pumps take heat from the outside air and feed it into your wet central heating system (similar to existing gas central heating). As the heat produced is cooler than that from a conventional furnace or boiler, you may need to install larger radiators or underfloor heating in your home to make the most of it. Air-to-water heat pumps may be best suited to new-build properties or those that are energy efficient.
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Air-to-air heat pumps take heat from the outside air and feed it into your home through fans. This type of system can be used for heating but can’t produce hot water.
Around 40% of global emissions come from buildings and most of these result from the ways we heat our homes and businesses.
To reach net zero carbon emissions and tackle climate change, we need to switch from heating that relies on high-carbon fuels to cleaner, low- or zero-carbon alternatives.
Heat pumps will help to achieve this for two main reasons:
Heat pump systems are designed to extract a greater amount of heat energy from the surrounding environment than the energy they consume to create heat. They can produce two to three times more heat output than they consume in electricity input.
As more and more electricity is generated from renewable energy sources like solar or wind power, the electricity used to power heat pumps is itself becoming cleaner.
Whether you’re building or renovating: If you’re considering installing or modernising your heating system, heat pumps are an unavoidable topic – after all, they’re being touted as a climate-friendly and cost-effective alternative to oil and gas heating. Hargassner offers you highly efficient air to water heat pumps in monobloc design. Unlike split units, monobloc heat pumps have all the main components in one unit – so you benefit from particularly simple, cost-effective and space-saving installation, as well as low-maintenance and safe operation.
Here’s a closer look at how air-to-water heat pumps work.
A true marvel of technology, an air-to-water heat pump uses a free and inexhaustible source of energy – the ambient air. The way a heat pump works is similar to the way a refrigerator functions, only in reverse. Here’s how it works: The heat pump extracts thermal energy, i.e. heat, from the environment. This thermal energy is raised to a higher temperature level and used by means of a refrigeration cycle.
This process requires electricity; however, because a large part of the energy needed to drive the pump is taken directly from the ambient air, heat pumps are considered to be extremely energy efficient.
The refrigeration circuit is the most important when considering how a heat pump. In monobloc units, the entire refrigerant circuit is contained within a single housing, making installation simpler and often less expensive, as well as ensuring low maintenance and more flexible operation.
The processes in this closed circuit are used to bring the recovered heat to the required temperature level.
Heat pumps are true all-rounders: The classic application is as a heating system – heat can be distributed via underfloor heating, wall heating or radiators. The recovered heat energy can also be used to heat domestic hot water. Additionally, on hot days, the heat pump’s function can be reversed to cool the living space, making it an environmentally friendly air conditioner in summer.
Rely on forward-thinking technology: With a heat pump, you benefit from particularly low operating and maintenance costs. Additionally, you become independent of fossil fuels and contribute to environmental and climate protection. Heat pumps are suitable for both new and existing properties.
Which heat pump model suits your individual requirements? Get in touch with a contact partner in your area right away, our experts will be happy to advise you and work with you to find the perfect solution.
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