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Jun 15,
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Liquid nitrogen dewars are specialized containers that store and handle cryogenic liquids, particularly liquid nitrogen. They are crucial in scientific, medical, and industrial applications. Understanding the structure, materials, types, and applications of these dewars is essential for selecting the right one for specific needs. In this blog, we have summarized everything you need to know about liquid nitrogen dewars.
The dewar is named after Sir James Dewar, the Scottish chemist and physicist who invented it. At its core, a liquid nitrogen dewar is a double-walled container. A vacuum is created between the two walls to reduce heat transfer by conduction and convection. The inner wall is often coated with a reflective material, such as aluminum, to minimize heat transfer by radiation. This combination of vacuum and reflective surfaces makes Dewars highly effective at maintaining the cryogenic temperatures (-196°C or -320°F) of nitrogen in its liquid state.
The structure of a typical liquid nitrogen dewar includes the following components:
The inner vessel that holds the liquid nitrogen is usually made of stainless steel or aluminum. These materials can withstand cryogenic temperatures without becoming brittle.
Surrounding the inner vessel is a vacuum jacket. This layer of vacuum insulation significantly reduces heat transfer through conduction and convection.
The outer shell encases the vacuum jacket and provides additional protection. It is also made of durable materials such as stainless steel or aluminum.
This narrow, insulated tube connects the inner vessel to the outer environment. It minimizes heat transfer and provides a controlled path for transferring liquid nitrogen.
Additional layers of insulation materials, such as multilayer insulation (MLI) or foam, may be used to further reduce heat transfer.
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A lid or stopper is used to seal the dewar when not in use. It helps maintain the vacuum and reduce evaporation losses.
The materials used in constructing liquid nitrogen dewars are chosen for their ability to withstand cryogenic temperatures and provide effective insulation.
Known for its strength, durability, and resistance to corrosion, stainless steel is commonly used for both the inner vessel and the outer shell. It maintains structural integrity at cryogenic temperatures.
Lighter than stainless steel, aluminum is another popular choice for cryogenic dewars. It provides good thermal conductivity and is resistant to corrosion, though it is not as strong as stainless steel.
In some laboratory applications, glass dewars are used. These are often double-walled with a vacuum between the walls. However, glass is more fragile and less commonly used for liquid nitrogen storage compared to metals.
High-performance plastics and foam materials are used for additional insulation. These materials help reduce heat transfer and improve the efficiency of the dewar.
MLI consists of multiple layers of reflective materials separated by spacers. It is used to minimize radiative heat transfer in high-performance dewars.
Liquid nitrogen dewars come in various types, each designed for specific applications and storage needs. 5 common types are listed below.
These cryogenic dewars are designed for long-term storage of liquid nitrogen. They have a large capacity and robust insulation to minimize evaporation and maintain temperature stability over extended periods.
Designed for safe transportation of liquid nitrogen, these dewars are built to withstand handling and movement. They often have additional features like sturdy handles and secure lids.
Used in scientific and medical laboratories, these dewars are typically smaller and designed for frequent access. They may have features like wide neck openings for easy sample access.
These liquid nitrogen containers have an open design and are used for temporary storage or handling of small quantities of liquid nitrogen. They are often found in laboratory settings.
Customized dewars are available for specific applications, such as cryosurgery, cryopreservation, and cryogenic grinding. These may have unique features tailored to their requirements.
The versatility of liquid nitrogen dewars makes them indispensable in various applications.
Dewars are used to store and transport biological samples, such as cells, tissues, and reproductive materials, at cryogenic temperatures. They are essential for cryopreservation and biobanking.
In industries, dewars provide the necessary storage and handling solutions of liquid nitrogen for applications such as liquid nitrogen is used for shrink-fitting, food freezing, and metal processing.
Dewars are used in cryotherapy to store liquid nitrogen, which is then applied to treat various medical conditions, including skin lesions and muscle injuries.
Laboratories use liquid nitrogen for cooling sensors, creating ultra-low temperature environments, and preserving samples. Dewars provide the required temperature control and storage capabilities.
Liquid nitrogen is used in space missions to cool instruments and test spacecraft components. Dewars are crucial for maintaining the low temperatures needed in these environments.
Choosing the right liquid nitrogen container depends on several factors. Here are some key considerations if you are opting for dewars.
Still, confused about which dewar will be right for your needs? Get in touch with INOXCVA's dedicated team, strategically positioned across the globe. With over 30 years of experience, INOXCVA offers bespoke technology and solutions to a large portfolio of industrial clients. Be a part of the cryo-revolution, get a quote today!
A: If so, you'll need a tank with sturdy construction and safety features. If you require a vertical tank, a CL/CLPB dewar is perfect. All models above the 15-liter size have casters for mobility. A differential pressure-type liquid level gauge, full tricock vent valve, and relief devices will safely maintain the optimal pressure within the tank.
For a horizontal tank, see the CH Series. These dewars are fitted with features that make it easy to move, like casters and welded handles. The low profile design and robust support system make these tanks safe and convenient. The CH Series is not designed for over the road transporting, inter-facility use only.
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